Benign early repolarization on a 12-lead ECG

Concave ST elevation in V2-V5 with a notched J point and tall, slightly lopsided T waves, no reciprocal depression, and a V6 ST under a quarter of its T wave's height. A normal variant, mostly in the young.

What to look for

A normal heart whose repolarization starts early. You see concave ST elevation, most in V2-V5, a little notch or slur at the J point (the fish hook, often best in V4), and tall T waves that rise slowly and fall a bit faster. There's no reciprocal ST depression. It gets smaller as the heart rate climbs and bigger as it slows. It's common in young men and rare past 50, so be very slow to call it in a symptomatic older patient. A straight or convex ST, any ST depression elsewhere, Q waves, or a QRS that has lost its S wave in V3 all argue for an anterior occlusion instead.

Examples

Each is a standard 12-lead: 2.5 seconds of each lead in four columns, with 10 seconds of lead II along the bottom, drawn to scale (25 mm a second, 10 mm a millivolt). The measurements are under each one.

Example 1 · 12-lead · 10 seconds
IaVRV1V4IIaVLV2V5IIIaVFV3V6II25 mm/s · 10 mm/mV
Rate
77/min
Rhythm
RegularSinus: upright in II, biphasic in V1, one before every QRS
PR
0.15 s
QRS
0.10 s, narrow
Axis
63°, normal
QTc
0.40 s
ST up
V1, V2, V3, V4 (septal and anterior)
ST down
None
T inverted
None (apart from aVR)
Also
Smaller ST elevation (under the STEMI cut-off) in I, V5 · Pathological Q waves (40 ms or wider) in aVL · Tall, narrow, peaked T waves across V2-V4
Example 2 · 12-lead · 10 seconds
IaVRV1V4IIaVLV2V5IIIaVFV3V6II25 mm/s · 10 mm/mV
Rate
61/min
Rhythm
RegularSinus: upright in II, biphasic in V1, one before every QRS
PR
0.13 s
QRS
0.10 s, narrow
Axis
54°, normal
QTc
0.36 s
ST up
V1, V3, V4 (anterior)
ST down
None
T inverted
None (apart from aVR)
Also
Smaller ST elevation (under the STEMI cut-off) in V2, V5 · Tall, narrow, peaked T waves across V2-V4

Don't confuse it with

The ECG tool in the app gives you a new 12-lead every time and walks you through reading it: rate, QRS, axis, then where the ST is up and down. It's part of the Paramedic level, and you can try 5 ECGs a day free.

Try the 12-lead drill

Where the criteria come from

Others in the look-alikes and other findings group